Q

Overview

Testicular cancer, while rare, is the most common cancer in males aged 15-34. Approximately 9,760 new cases are diagnosed annually in the U.S., with a low lifetime risk of about 1 in 250. Treatment is highly effective, resulting in a mortality rate of 1 in 5,000.

Symptoms:

Sudden fluid buildup in the scrotum

Lump or swelling in a testicle (often the first sign)

Heaviness or dull ache in the lower abdomen or scrotum

Pain or discomfort in the testicle or scrotum

Breast tissue enlargement or tenderness

Diagnosis

Regular self-exams are encouraged. If symptoms arise, see a doctor for a manual exam and potential follow-up tests, including:

Ultrasound to assess masses

Blood tests for tumor markers

Imaging tests to check for cancer spread

Treatment:

• Surgery: Removal of the affected testicle (radical inguinal orchiectomy).
• Radiation therapy: Used mainly for seminoma cases.
• Chemotherapy: For cancer that has spread, often involving multiple drugs.

Risk Factors:

• Undescended testicle (cryptorchidism)
• Personal or family history of testicular cancer
• HIV/AIDS diagnosis
• Being Caucasian, as white men have a higher incidence than black or Asian men.

Regular check-ups and awareness of symptoms are crucial for early Awareness and early detection are vital in successfully treating testicular cancer. Regular self-exams and check-ups can lead to prompt diagnosis and effective treatment, significantly improving outcomes. If you notice any concerning symptoms, don’t hesitate to consult a healthcare professional. Your health matters!